The application of sewage sludge in agricultural fields has proven very beneficial for enhancing soil fertility and supporting better crop growth due to its rich nutrient and organic matter content. This study aims to assess the impact of different organic amendments, using Ganga sludge as the main material, on the growth performance of Spinacia oleracea plants.
Among the seven treatments tested, sludge-based organic amendments such as Dharti ka Chowkidar (T3) and Jaivik Khad (T5) proved to be effective supplements for spinach, as shown by significant improvements in yield parameters. Plant height, total fresh weight, yield, and dry matter of the leaves all increased with these treatments compared to the control. The iron
content in the leaves increased by more than three times across all treatments. This study demonstrates that applying sludge-based organic amendments can effectively increase spinach production, highlighting its potential to improve agroecosystems and support proper waste management.
Keywords:Sludge, Soil biochemistry, Growth performance, Iron content, Spinach.